One of the strongest arguments traditionally invoked in favor of dark matter is the rotation of spiral galaxies. Stars orbit galactic centers with nearly constant velocities far beyond the visible mass distribution.
Within Quarkbase Cosmology, galaxy rotation without dark matter is not anomalous. It is a direct consequence of how the physical vacuum is structured and constrained by galactic compactations.
In standard cosmology, flat rotation curves are explained by assuming massive halos of invisible matter surrounding galaxies. These halos are adjusted to reproduce observed velocities.
This approach preserves gravitational equations by introducing an undetected component, rather than reconsidering the physical nature of the vacuum.
Quarkbase Cosmology starts from a different premise: the vacuum is a real physical medium. It can be displaced, compressed, and organized by volumetric compactations.
Galaxies are not isolated masses in empty space. They are large-scale organizations of the vacuum itself.
As a galaxy forms, its higher-order vacuum compactations (N > 1) establish extended pressure gradients in the surrounding vacuum.
These gradients persist far beyond the luminous region. Stars orbit within this structured vacuum environment, experiencing effective centripetal constraints that remain nearly constant with radius.
The result is a flat rotation curve without invoking any dark matter halo.
At the most fundamental level, all higher-order compactations are built from quarkbases. The neutrino corresponds to quarkbase N=1, the minimal volumetric unit of vacuum compactation.
Galactic-scale structures represent vast assemblies of higher-order compactations, whose collective organization shapes the surrounding vacuum pressure field.
Dark matter models require different halo profiles for different galaxies. In contrast, Quarkbase Cosmology predicts that rotation behavior depends primarily on structural geometry and compactation, not on arbitrary invisible components.
This explains why galaxies of very different luminosities can exhibit remarkably similar rotation curves.
Once galaxy dynamics are understood as vacuum-structural phenomena, dark matter becomes unnecessary.
The observed discrepancy is not between theory and data, but between an empty-vacuum assumption and a physical-vacuum reality.
Author: Carlos Omeñaca Prado